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to: Foot Problems & Conditions
- General Heel Pain Syndrome
- Busitis
- Plantar Fasciitis
Heel Pain Syndrome is caused by repetitive
pressure placed on the heel of the foot when walking, which causes
soreness of the heel.
"Itis" usually refers to the inflammation
of a certain part of the body, therefore Bursitis refers to the
constant irritation of the natural cushion that supports the heel
of the foot (the bursa). Bursitis is often associated with Plantar
Fasciitis, which affects the arch and heel of the foot.
Plantar Fasciitis is caused by inflammation
of the tissues connected to the heel bone, due to excessive pulling
and stretching of the fibrous bands that support the arch of the
foot. Continuation of this irritation can lead to heel pain, arch
pain or a bony growth on the bottom of the heel bone called a "heel
spur". Another condition related to Plantar Fasciitis is swelling
on both sides of the Achilles tendon (see Achilles
tendonitis)
Bursitis and Plantar Fasciitis can occur
when a person increases their levels of physical activity or when
the heel's fat pad becomes thinner, providing less protection to
the foot.
Other causes can include:
- Ill fitting shoes
- Obesity
- Biomechanical problems (e.g. mal-alignment
of the foot, including over-pronation)
- Gout
- Rheumatoid arthritis
Arch supports and orthotics (special insoles)
are the best treatment for this type of condition as they gently
support the longitudinal arch of the foot allowing it to settle
into a more natural position.
Arch supports or adhesive pads can also help
to strengthen the arch but orthotics may be a more permanent solution.
An orthotic device (special insole) such as a heel cup or heel cradle
will help to absorb shock to the heel by raising the heel, which
will redistribute pressure and provide a cushion for the plantar
fascia. If the heel pain is caused by over pronation then an orthotic
with medial posting that supports the arch will correct over pronation
preventing further heel pain.
Appropriate footwear is a key consideration
in preventing heel pain; therefore shoes must be spacious and supportive.
Plantar Fasciitis and Bursitis can also be treated by:
- Cold presses or ice packs
- Anti-inflammatory tablets
- Cushioning heel pads
- Massaging the foot / muscle stimulation
- Stretching exercises
- Insoles or orthotics
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